Ferrochrome in Stainless Steel Production
Ferrochrome is the primary source of chromium in stainless steel production. Stainless steel by definition contains a minimum 10.5% chromium — the element that forms the passive chromium oxide layer responsible for corrosion resistance. Without ferrochrome, stainless steel cannot be produced.
High Carbon Ferrochrome (HC FeCr, Cr 62-70%, C 6-8%) is the most widely used grade in stainless steel melting shops and electric arc furnaces. The high carbon content is acceptable in the initial charge since carbon is removed in the subsequent Argon Oxygen Decarburisation (AOD) or Vacuum Oxygen Decarburisation (VOD) refining process.
India's Ferrochrome Supply
India has significant ferrochrome production capacity, with major producers in Odisha and Andhra Pradesh operating large submerged arc furnace complexes. India benefits from domestic chrome ore availability — Odisha's Sukinda valley contains one of the world's largest chromite deposits — enabling integrated chrome ore to ferrochrome production.
Indian HC FeCr is exported to stainless steel producers in South Korea (POSCO, INOX), Japan (Nippon Steel, JFE), Taiwan, Indonesia, Vietnam and Europe. India competes with South Africa (the world's largest ferrochrome producer) and Kazakhstan on price and supply reliability.
Grades and Specifications
HC FeCr: Cr 62-70%, C 6-8% — most widely traded, lowest cost. Charge Chrome: Cr 50-55%, C 6-8% — lower grade for bulk electric arc furnace charge. LC FeCr: Cr 68-72%, C 0.1% max — for final trim additions in low-carbon stainless grades. XL FeCr: Cr 72%+ — premium grade for special alloy and superalloy applications.
Documentation
SGS/BV Chemical Analysis Certificate, Radiation Certificate (mandatory), Material Test Certificate, Size Grading Report, Moisture Certificate, Certificate of Origin, Commercial Invoice and Bill of Lading.
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