Ferromanganese (FeMn) is an essential ferro-alloy in steelmaking — used as a deoxidiser, desulphuriser and manganese alloying agent in both Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) and Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) steelmaking. India is one of the world's significant producers and exporters of Ferromanganese, with major production clusters in Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra. This guide is written for steelmakers, ferro-alloy traders and procurement teams considering sourcing FeMn from India.
Manganese serves three critical functions in steelmaking. First, deoxidation — manganese has a higher affinity for oxygen than iron at steelmaking temperatures, removing dissolved oxygen and preventing porosity and brittleness. Second, desulphurisation — MnS inclusions are less harmful than FeS and more easily removed in the slag. Third, alloying — manganese increases hardenability, tensile strength and impact resistance in carbon and alloy steels.
High Carbon Ferromanganese (HC FeMn) is the most widely produced and traded grade globally. Specification: Mn 65–80% (74–76% typical for premium grade), C max 8%, Si max 2.5%, P max 0.35%, S max 0.05%. Produced in submerged arc furnaces using manganese ore, coke and fluxes. The high carbon content limits its use to carbon steel applications.
Medium Carbon Ferromanganese (MC FeMn) carries Mn 70–80% and C 1–2%. Produced by the silicothermic process. Used where carbon must be controlled — medium carbon structural steels, alloy steels and some stainless applications.
Low Carbon Ferromanganese (LC FeMn) carries Mn 80–90% and C max 0.5%. Produced by electrosilicothermic or aluminothermic process. Used in stainless steel, high-grade engineering steels and superalloy applications where carbon contamination must be minimised.
Odisha is India's largest FeMn producing state, home to major producers near Keonjhar, Sundargarh and Joda. Proximity to manganese ore deposits provides a raw material advantage, and Paradip and Vizag ports enable cost-effective vessel loading. Chhattisgarh's Raipur and Raigarh districts add significant additional capacity with good rail connectivity to major ports.
Ferromanganese pricing is influenced by manganese ore prices (primarily South African and Gabon ore spot prices as CIF China benchmark), metallurgical coke prices, electricity tariffs for SAF smelting, Chinese FeMn export price as global market reference, and bulk vessel freight rates. Prices are quoted in US$/MT or US$/MT Mn unit basis depending on contract structure. Current pricing is available on request from Zenvico Global.
Indian FeMn is supplied in commercial sizes of 10–80mm lump for SAF/EAF use, 0–10mm fines for briquetting or injection, and packed in 1 MT FIBC bulk bags for container shipment (20–25 MT per 20ft container) or bulk vessel loading for orders above 500 MT. Every shipment includes Mill Test Certificate with heat traceability, SGS/BV independent inspection certificate, Certificate of Analysis, Radiation Certificate and Certificate of Origin.
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